KOWA YA TUNA BARA!
FITOWA TA 14
JANAR SANI ABACHA DA SUFURI A NAJERIYA: JIRAGEN ƘASA, JIRAGEN SAMA DA TASHOSHIN RUWA — ABIN DA YA GADA, ABIN DA YA FARA DA ABIN DA BAI KAMMALA BA
Mu Bincika. Mu Tantance. Mu Bayyana Abin da Tarihi da Bayanai Suka Nuna.
Sufuri na daga cikin ginshiƙan tattalin arzikin kowace ƙasa. Yana haɗa manoma da kasuwanni, masana’antu da masu saye, birane da ƙauyuka, tare da sauƙaƙa zirga-zirgar jama’a da kayayyaki.
Lokacin da Janar Sani Abacha ya karɓi mulkin Najeriya a watan Nuwamban 1993, ƙasar ta riga ta fuskanci manyan matsaloli a fannin sufuri, musamman a layin dogo, harkar jiragen sama da tashoshin ruwa.
To, me gwamnatin Abacha ta gada?
Me ta fara?
Kuma me bai kai ga kammala ba?
Wannan ce tambayar da wannan fitowa ta 14 ta KOWA YA TUNA BARA! ke bincikawa.
KASAFIN SUFURI: ME BAYANAN IMF SUKA NUNA?
Bayanan IMF kan kasafin gwamnatin tarayya sun nuna cewa an tsara kuɗaɗe ƙarƙashin rukunin Transport and Communications kamar haka:
1993 — ₦2.021 biliyan
1994 — ₦1.516 biliyan
1995 — ₦3.592 biliyan
1996 — ₦9.817 biliyan
1997 — ₦3.203 biliyan
1998 — ₦9.965 biliyan
Jimillar waɗannan alkaluma ta kai kusan ₦30.114 biliyan.
Amma akwai muhimmin bayani: waɗannan kasafin kuɗi ne da aka tsara, ba wai hujjar cewa an kashe dukkan kuɗin ba. IMF kanta ta yi gargadin cewa bayanan actual expenditure ta wannan functional classification ba su samuwa.
Haka kuma, shekarar 1993 ta ƙunshi watanni kafin Abacha ya karɓi mulki, yayin da 1998 ta ƙunshi lokacin bayan rasuwarsa a watan Yuni. Don haka ba za mu jingina dukkan waɗannan alkaluma kai tsaye ga gwamnatin Abacha ba.
JIRAGEN ƘASA: ƘOƘARIN FARFAƊO DA RAILWAY
Daga cikin manyan matsalolin da gwamnatin Abacha ta gada akwai halin da Nigerian Railway Corporation ta shiga.
Tsarin layin dogo ya yi fama da tsofaffin locomotives da rolling stock, matsalar kuɗaɗen aiki, lalacewar layuka da raguwar jigilar kaya da fasinjoji.
A shekarar 1995, gwamnatin Abacha ta shiga wani babban shiri na farfaɗo da Railway tare da kamfanin China Civil Engineering Construction Corporation (CCECC).
Rahotannin tarihi sun nuna cewa an sanya hannu kan kwangilar a ranar 9 ga Disamba 1995, da darajar kusan dala miliyan 528.6. Shirin ya ƙunshi gyaran layukan dogo da samar da coaches, locomotives, wagons da guard vans.
Wannan ya kasance babban yunƙuri na dawo da Railway cikin harkar sufuri ta ƙasa, a lokacin da hanya ta mota ta riga ta mamaye babban ɓangare na jigilar kaya da fasinjoji.
SHIN AN KAMMALA AIKIN?
A nan ne ya kamata mu bambanta tsakanin ƙaddamar da shiri da kammala shiri.
Rahoton BusinessDay ya bayyana cewa aikin bai kammala a ranar da aka tsara ba, saboda matsalolin samar da wasu kayan aikin layin dogo daga ‘yan kwangilar Najeriya. Amma rahoton ya ce an kiyasta cewa sama da kashi 80 cikin 100 na aikin ya kammala zuwa Satumba 1998.
Saboda haka, ba zai dace mu ce an farfaɗo da Railway gaba ɗaya ba.
Haka kuma, ba zai dace mu ce ba a yi komai ba.
Abin da hujjojin da muka samu suka fi nuna shi ne:
An ƙaddamar da babban shirin farfaɗo da Railway, an aiwatar da wani ɓangare mai yawa daga ciki, amma aikin bai kai ga cikakkiyar kammalawa ba a lokacin da aka tsara.
Daga bayanan BPE kuma, matsalolin NRC sun kasance masu tsanani na dogon lokaci, ciki har da tsofaffin kayan aiki, ƙarancin kuɗi da ƙarancin jigilar kaya.
Wannan ya nuna cewa kwangilar 1995 ba ta isa ita kaɗai ta sauya gaba ɗaya halin Railway na Najeriya ba.
JIRAGEN SAMA: SAKE FASALIN HARKAR AVIATION
A bangaren jiragen sama kuwa, gwamnatin Abacha ta yi wani muhimmin sauyi na tsarin hukumomin aviation.
A ƙarshen shekarar 1995, gwamnati ta sake tsara wasu hukumomin harkar jiragen sama.
A cewar tarihin hukuma na NCAA, an soke Federal Civil Aviation Authority (FCAA), aka mayar da wasu ayyukanta zuwa sababbin directorates a Ma’aikatar Sufurin Jiragen Sama, sannan aka haɗa Air Traffic Services da Aerotels Department da tsohuwar Nigerian Airports Authority domin samar da Federal Airports Authority of Nigeria (FAAN).
FAAN ita kanta ta tabbatar cewa gyaran harkar Civil Aviation na watan Agustan 1995 ya haifar da sake tsara ayyukan NAA tare da sauya sunanta zuwa Federal Airports Authority of Nigeria.
Haka kuma, dokar FAAN ta kafa hukuma mai suna Federal Airports Authority of Nigeria, tare da commencement date na 31 Agusta 1995.
Wannan yana daga cikin muhimman sauye-sauyen tsarin sufuri da aka yi a lokacin.
AMMA MATSALAR TSARON JIRAGEN SAMA TA CI GABA
Sai dai kuma, bai kamata mu haɗa wannan sake fasalin hukumomi da magance dukkan matsalolin aviation ba.
Matsalar tsaron filayen jiragen sama ta riga ta fara kafin Abacha ya karɓi mulki.
Don haka, idan ana auna abin da gwamnatin ta cimma, ya kamata a bambanta tsakanin sake fasalin hukumomi da cikakken inganta tsaron jiragen sama.
A wannan bangaren, tarihin aviation na Najeriya ya nuna cewa wasu daga cikin manyan matsalolin sun wuce shekarar 1998.
Wannan shi ne dalilin da ya sa rahotonmu ba zai yi iƙirarin cewa gwamnatin Abacha ta magance dukkan matsalolin jiragen sama ba.
NIGERIA AIRWAYS DA ƘALUBALEN KAMFANIN ƘASA
A lokacin ma, Nigeria Airways tana cikin manyan ƙalubale na kuɗi da gudanarwa.
Wannan ya nuna cewa sake tsara hukumomin filayen jiragen sama ba shi kaɗai ya isa ya farfaɗo da dukkan tsarin sufurin jiragen sama ba.
Aikin kamfanin jiragen sama na ƙasa ya haɗa da abubuwa da dama: kuɗaɗe, kula da jiragen sama, tsaro, gudanarwa, hanyoyin zirga-zirga da kuma dangantaka da hukumomin kula da jiragen sama na ƙasashen waje.
Saboda haka, matsalolin Nigeria Airways sun kasance wani ɓangare na babban ƙalubalen da harkar aviation ta Najeriya ke fuskanta a wannan zamani.
TASHOSHIN RUWA: ƘOƘARIN RAGE CUNKOSO DA GYARA TSARIN AIKI
Sufuri bai tsaya kan jiragen ƙasa da jiragen sama ba.
A cikin 1996 Budget of Consolidation, gwamnatin Abacha ta kuma ware sashe na musamman kan Streamlining Operations at the Nigerian Ports, tare da batun Pre-shipment Inspection.
Wannan ya nuna cewa gwamnati ta fahimci muhimmancin tashoshin ruwa wajen shigo da kaya, fitar da kaya da tafiyar da harkokin kasuwanci.
A watan Afrilun 1996, gwamnatin Najeriya ta sauya wasu hanyoyin shigar da fitar da kaya domin rage cunkoso da cin hanci a tashoshin ruwa, tare da ƙarfafa tsarin pre-shipment inspection.
Dokokin da suka shafi pre-shipment inspection sun kuma tanadi cewa kayayyakin da dokar ta shafa su kasance tare da takardun da suka dace kafin shigo da su Najeriya.
Saboda haka, a bangaren tashoshin ruwa ma akwai ƙoƙarin sake tsara tsarin aiki.
ME BINCIKENMU YA GANO?
Bayan duba bayanan, KOWA YA TUNA BARA! ya gano abubuwa uku masu muhimmanci.
Na farko: gwamnatin Abacha ta gaji tsarin sufuri mai fama da matsaloli, musamman Railway da wasu sassan aviation.
Na biyu: gwamnatin ta ƙaddamar da wasu manyan shirye-shiryen gyara, musamman kwangilar CCECC ta Railway, sake fasalin tsarin Civil Aviation da kafa FAAN, da kuma sauye-sauyen tsarin aiki a tashoshin ruwa.
Na uku: ba dukkan shirye-shiryen ne suka kai ga cikakkiyar nasara ko kammalawa ba kafin ƙarshen zamanin.
Saboda haka, idan aka tambaye mu:
Shin gwamnatin Abacha ta farfaɗo da tsarin sufuri gaba ɗaya?
A’a.
Amma idan tambayar ita ce:
Shin ta ƙaddamar da wasu manyan matakai na gyara da sake fasalin tsarin sufuri?
Eh.
Kuma wannan shi ne bambancin da ya kamata a fahimta idan ana nazarin tarihin wannan gwamnati bisa hujjoji, ba bisa yabo ko suka kawai ba.
KAMMALAWA
Tarihin sufuri a zamanin Janar Sani Abacha ba labarin nasara kawai ba ne, kuma ba labarin gazawa kawai ba ne.
Labari ne na gwamnati da ta gaji wasu manyan matsaloli, ta fara wasu manyan shirye-shirye, ta samu wasu matakai na aiwatarwa, amma ta bar wasu ayyuka da matsaloli ba su kammala ko warware ba.
A Railway, an fara babban aikin farfaɗowa tare da CCECC, amma ba a kammala dukkan abin da aka tsara ba.
A Aviation, an yi babban sake fasalin tsarin hukumomi wanda ya haifar da FAAN.
A Ports, an yi ƙoƙarin gyara tsarin aiki da rage cunkoso ta hanyar sabbin matakan shigo da fitar da kaya.
Wannan shi ne abin da bincikenmu ya nuna.
Ba mu ce komai ya yi kyau ba.
Ba mu ce komai ya lalace ba.
Mun bincika abin da aka gada, abin da aka fara, da abin da aka bari bai kammala ba.
KOWA YA TUNA BARA!
ALFIJIR LABARAI
Gaskiya • Kan Lokaci • Amintacce
Majiyoyi: IMF, NCAA, FAAN, National Library of Nigeria, dokokin Najeriya da rahotannin tarihi kan Nigerian Railway Corporation da CCECC.
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