FITOWA TA 2:
A harkokin kasuwanci, ana samun lokutan da mai sayar da kaya yake bayar da zaɓi biyu ga mai saye: ya biya kuɗi nan take ko kuma ya biya a hankali cikin wani lokaci da aka kayyade.
A wasu lokutan kuma, farashin kayan yakan bambanta gwargwadon tsarin biyan kuɗin.
Wannan mu’amala tana daga cikin abubuwan da Musulunci ya yi wa bayani, domin a fahimci bambanci tsakanin halastaccen cinikin bashi da Ribar da Allah Ya haramta.
1. Shin ya halatta a sayar da kaya a farashi mafi girma idan za a biya a hankali?
Eh. Ya halatta mutum ya sayar da kaya a farashi mafi girma idan za a biya a gaba, fiye da farashin da zai sayar idan an biya kuɗi nan take.
Misali:
Wani ɗan kasuwa yana sayar da firinji kamar haka:
– Farashin biyan kuɗi nan take: ₦300,000.
– Farashin biyan kuɗi cikin watanni shida: ₦360,000.
Idan mai saye da mai sayarwa sun amince cewa za a sayar da firinj ɗin a kan ₦360,000, kuma za a biya cikin watanni shida, wannan ciniki halal ne idan an cika sauran sharuddan Shari’a.
Ƙarin ₦60,000 ɗin yana cikin farashin kayan da aka sayar ne, ba ƙarin kuɗin ruwa da aka ɗora a kan bashin ba.
Majalisar Fiqih ta Duniya ta tabbatar da halaccin wannan tsarin a kudurinta mai lamba 51 (2/6), da kuma kuduri mai lamba 64 (2/7).
2. Me ya kamata a tabbatar kafin kulla irin wannan ciniki?
Duk da halaccin sayar da kaya a farashi mafi girma saboda biyan kuɗi a hankali, akwai wani muhimmin sharadi.
Dole ne mai saye da mai sayarwa su zaɓi farashi guda ɗaya tun lokacin kulla yarjejeniya.
Misali, mai sayarwa ya ce:
“Idan za ka biya yanzu, farashin ₦200,000 ne. Idan za ka biya cikin watanni huɗu, farashin ₦240,000 ne.”
A nan dole ne su amince da ɗaya daga cikin farashin kafin cinikin ya tabbata.
Ba ya halatta su kulla ciniki ba tare da sun fayyace ko za a biya ₦200,000 nan take ko ₦240,000 a hankali ba, su bar batun a buɗe.
3. Yaushe wannan ciniki zai koma Riba?
Akwai muhimmin bambanci tsakanin ƙarin kuɗin da aka saka cikin farashin kaya tun farko da kuma ƙarin kuɗin da aka ɗora saboda jinkirin biyan bashi.
Misali:
An sayar da kaya a kan ₦360,000, kuma an amince za a biya cikin watanni shida.
Bayan watanni shida, mai saye ya kasa biyan kuɗin.
Sai mai sayarwa ya ce:
“Saboda ka makara, yanzu bashinka ya koma ₦390,000.”
Ƙarin ₦30,000 ɗin Riba ne, saboda an ɗora shi ne saboda jinkirin biyan bashin.
Haramun ne, ko da kuwa an rubuta irin wannan sharadi a cikin yarjejeniyar tun farko.
4. Mene ne hujjar Alƙur’ani?
Allah Maɗaukakin Sarki Ya ce:
يَا أَيُّهَا الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا إِذَا تَدَايَنْتُمْ بِدَيْنٍ إِلَىٰ أَجَلٍ مُسَمًّى فَاكْتُبُوهُ
Ma’ana:
“Ya ku waɗanda suka yi imani! Idan kuka yi mu’amalar bashi zuwa wani ƙayyadadden lokaci, to, ku rubuta shi.”
(Suratul Baqarah, aya ta 282).
Wannan aya tana koyar da muhimmancin rubuta yarjejeniyar bashi, fayyace lokacin biya da kuma kare haƙƙin mai saye da mai sayarwa.
5. Me Allah Ya ce game da wanda ya kasa biyan bashinsa?
Allah Maɗaukakin Sarki Ya ce:
وَإِنْ كَانَ ذُو عُسْرَةٍ فَنَظِرَةٌ إِلَىٰ مَيْسَرَةٍ
Ma’ana:
“Idan wanda ake bin bashi yana cikin tsanani, to, a ba shi jinkiri har sai ya samu sauƙi.”
(Suratul Baqarah, aya ta 280).
Wannan aya tana koyar da mu tausayi da jin ƙai a harkokin kasuwanci.
Ba ya halatta mai bin bashi ya mayar da matsin halin wanda ake bi bashin wata hanya ta ƙara samun kuɗi ta hanyar Riba.
6. Wasu sharuddan da ya kamata ɗan kasuwa ya kiyaye
Domin cinikin biyan kuɗi a hankali ya kasance bisa ƙa’idar Musulunci, ya kamata:
1. Kayan da ake sayarwa ya kasance halal ne.
2. Mai sayarwa ya mallaki kayan kuma ya karɓe shi bisa ƙa’idar Shari’a kafin ya sake sayar da shi.
3. A fayyace farashin da aka amince da shi.
4. A kayyade lokacin biyan kuɗi da yadda za a biya.
5. Kada a bar yarjejeniya cikin ruɗani tsakanin farashi biyu.
6. Kada a ƙara kuɗi saboda jinkirin biyan bashin.
7. A rubuta yarjejeniya domin kare haƙƙin kowane ɓangare.
7. Misalan wannan mu’amala a Najeriya
A rayuwarmu ta yau da kullum, ana samun irin wannan tsarin a wurare da dama, kamar:
– Sayar da mota a tsarin biyan kuɗi kowane wata.
– Sayar da waya a bashi.
– Sayar da kayan gini kamar siminti da ƙarfe.
– Sayar da kayan gida kamar firinji, talabijin da injin janareta.
– Sayar da kayan amfanin yau da kullum a tsarin biyan kuɗi a hankali.
Waɗannan cinikayya na iya zama halal idan an kiyaye sharuddan Shari’a da muka bayyana.
Sai dai dole ne a duba ainihin tsarin yarjejeniyar, domin ba sunan cinikin ne kaɗai ke tabbatar da halaccinsa ba.
8. Muhimmin darasin da ya kamata mu koya
Musulunci bai hana ɗan kasuwa samun riba mai yawa daga cinikinsa ba, kuma bai hana sayar da kaya a farashi mafi girma saboda biyan kuɗi a hankali ba.
Abin da ya haramta shi ne ƙarin kuɗin da ake ɗora wa mutum a kan bashinsa saboda lokacin biya ko jinkirin biyan bashin.
Saboda haka, ya kamata kowane ɗan kasuwa ya san bambanci tsakanin farashin kaya da ƙarin kuɗin Riba.
KAMMALAWA
Kasuwanci yana buƙatar gaskiya, amana, adalci da sanin hukunce-hukuncen Shari’a.
Dole ne mu guji cin gajiyar matsin halin mutane, mu kuma tabbatar da cewa duk wata yarjejeniya da muka shiga ba ta saɓa wa koyarwar Musulunci ba.
Mu nemi arziki ta hanyar halal, domin dukiyar da aka samu ta hanyar halal ita ce dukiyar da muke fatan samun albarka a cikinta.
Allah Ya azurta mu da halal, Ya kare mu daga Riba da duk wata haramtacciyar mu’amala. Amin.
—
MANAZARTA
1. Alƙur’ani Mai Girma – Suratul Baqarah, ayoyi 280, 282.
2. International Islamic Fiqh Academy – Resolution No. 51 (2/6), Installment Sales, 1990.
3. International Islamic Fiqh Academy – Resolution No. 64 (2/7), Installment Sale, 1992.
4. International Islamic Fiqh Academy – Resolution No. 109 (3/12), Penalty Clause, 2000.
📢 KU BIBIYI ALFIJIR LABARAI
Ku kasance tare da Alfijir Labarai / Alfijir News domin samun sahihan labarai, rahotanni, bincike da muhimman bayanai daga Kano, Najeriya da duniya.
📩 TUNTUƁA DA HAƊIN GWIWA
WhatsApp: +234 0701 111 3809
KIRA: +234 803 207 7835
🌐 KAFAFEFENMU
X: https://twitter.com/Musabestseller?s=09
Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/profile.php?id=100089640289165
Threads: https://www.threads.net/@alfijirlabarai
YouTube: https://www.youtube.com/@BestsellerChannel12
Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/musa_bestseller?utm_source=qr&r=nametag
📲 WhatsApp Group:
https://chat.whatsapp.com/Ilj1iz8v3sa3nBfrCz9U6f
ALFIJIR LABARAI MEDIA SERVICES
Gaskiya • Kan Lokaci • Amintacce
© 2026 Alfijir Labarai Media Services